Overview & Importance
Vetoryl® (Trilostane) is the FDA-approved oral medication for treating hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's disease) in dogs, whether pituitary- or adrenal-dependent. This condition causes excessive cortisol production, leading to symptoms like increased thirst, urination, panting, hair loss, and a pot-bellied appearance. Vetoryl works by inhibiting key enzymes in the adrenal glands to reduce cortisol levels, effectively managing symptoms, improving quality of life, and preventing complications like diabetes or infections. It's essential for long-term control, as Cushing's is chronic and untreated cases can be life-threatening.
Functionalities
- Selectively blocks 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzyme to lower cortisol without broadly affecting other hormones.
- Improves appetite, energy, and coat condition; reduces polydipsia (thirst) and polyuria (urination).
- Visible improvements often seen in 9-12 days, with full effects in weeks.
- Also used off-label for alopecia X (hair loss syndrome) in dogs.
Usage
Administer orally once daily with food to enhance absorption-never on an empty stomach. Do not open, divide, or empty capsules. Store at room temperature (59-86°F). Not for use in pregnant dogs, those with primary liver/kidney disease, or hypersensitivity to trilostane. Avoid in cats/humans unless vet-directed; wash hands after handling if pregnant.
Dosage
Vet-specific dosing based on weight (typically 2.2-6.6 mg/kg once daily):
- <5.5 lbs: 5 mg
- 5.5-13 lbs: 10 mg
- 13-33 lbs: 20 mg
- 33-66 lbs: 30 mg
- 66-110 lbs: 60 mg
-
110 lbs: 120 mg Start low and adjust via blood tests (ACTH stimulation) every 10-14 days initially, then monthly. Some dogs may need twice-daily dosing.
Side Effects
Generally well-tolerated, but monitor for: vomiting, diarrheas, lethargy, poor appetite, weakness, collapse, elevated liver enzymes, high potassium, or kidney issues. Rare but serious: hypoadrenocorticism (Addison's crisis)-stop use and contact vet immediately if signs appear, as it can be fatal. Regular vet check-ups required.